Bibliography

Charles W.
MacQuarrie

5 publications between 1997 and 2019 indexed
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Works authored

MacQuarrie, Charles W., Biography of the Irish god of the sea, from the Voyage of Bran (700 A.D.) to Finnegans Wake (1939): the waves of Manannán, Studies in Irish Literature, 13, New York: Edwin Mellen Press, 2004.

Works edited

Nagy, Joseph Falaky, and Charles W. MacQuarrie (eds), The medieval cultures of the Irish Sea and the North Sea: Manannán and his neighbors, The Early Medieval North Atlantic, 7, Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2019.  
abstract:
he literary, historical, and linguistic confluence that characterized the Irish-Sea region in the pre-modern period is reflected in the interdisciplinarity of these new research essays, centered on the literatures, languages, and histories of the Irish-Sea communities of the Middle Ages, much of which is still evoked in contemporary culture. The contributors to this collection dive deep into the rich historical record, heroic literature, and story lore of the medieval communities ringing the Irish Sea, with case studies that encompass Manx, Irish, Scandinavian, Welsh, and English traditions. Manannán, the famous travelling Celtic divinity who supposedly claimed the Isle of Man as his home, mingles here with his mythical, legendary, and historical neighbors, whose impact on our image and understanding of the pre-modern cultures of the Northern Atlantic has persisted down through the centuries.
abstract:
he literary, historical, and linguistic confluence that characterized the Irish-Sea region in the pre-modern period is reflected in the interdisciplinarity of these new research essays, centered on the literatures, languages, and histories of the Irish-Sea communities of the Middle Ages, much of which is still evoked in contemporary culture. The contributors to this collection dive deep into the rich historical record, heroic literature, and story lore of the medieval communities ringing the Irish Sea, with case studies that encompass Manx, Irish, Scandinavian, Welsh, and English traditions. Manannán, the famous travelling Celtic divinity who supposedly claimed the Isle of Man as his home, mingles here with his mythical, legendary, and historical neighbors, whose impact on our image and understanding of the pre-modern cultures of the Northern Atlantic has persisted down through the centuries.

Contributions to journals

MacQuarrie, Charles W., “Insular Celtic tattooing : History, myth and metaphor”, Études Celtiques 33 (1997): 159–189.  
abstract:
[FR] Le tatouage chez les Celtes insulaires : histoire, mythes et signification métaphorique.
Les guerriers confrontés aux premiers saints irlandais sont souvent porteurs de tatouages, décrits comme des marques diaboliques par les hagiographes. Le tatouage, lat. stigma, irl. rind, a souvent été associé au nom des Pictes, et parfois considéré comme un usage non indo-européen (Zimmer, N. Chadwick). On doit en fait reconnaître que le tatouage a été largement pratiqué par tous les Celtes insulaires.
Parmi les sources antiques, César dit seulement que les Bretons se peignent la peau avec la guède (uitrum), mais d’autres auteurs (Hérodien, Claudien, Solin) font référence exactement au tatouage avec piqûres. Tous les auteurs classiques reconnaissent les fonctions sociales du tatouage, qu’ils critiquent comme un usage barbare. Isidore admet qu’il pourrait être une marque de noblesse.
La Bible critique les tatouages des étrangers (Lévitique) mais S. Paul (Galates, fin) évoque ses stigmates comme des marques glorieuses, comparables aux tatouages des soldats romains. Ces deux jugements antagonistes se retrouvent dans la littérature irlandaise : les tatouages sont associés au paganisme, au brigandage dans l’hagiographie, mais on peut aussi les considérer comme la marque spécifique du héros : bien que les références au tatouage soient rares dans les sagas, l’étude s’attache principalement à mettre en évidence ces témoignages littéraires en Irlande.

[EN] Irish warriors opposed to the early saints are often wearing tattoos, described as diabolic signs by the hagiographers. Tattoo, Lat. stigma, Ir. rind, or crechad, has frequently been associated with the name of the Picts, and sometimes considered as a non Indo-European usage (Zimmer, N. Chadwick). But it must be admitted that tattooing has been widely practiced by Insular Celts. Among classical sources, Caesar only says that Bretons paint their body with woad (uitrum), but others (Herodian, Claudian, Solinus) refer precisely to tattooing by puncturing. They are all aware of the social meaning of tattoo, which they criticize as Barbarian. Isidore admits that it might be a mark of higher status.
The Bible criticizes foreigners’tattoos (Leviticus) but S. Paul (Galatians, end) refers to his own stigmata as to glorious marks, comparable to the tattoos of Roman soldiers. These two contradictory views on tattoing are present in the early Irish literature : tattoo means paganism, or ruthless violence in the hagiographical literature, mais it might be considered as the distinct mark of heroes : though references to tattooing are rarely found in the early Irish sagas, this study endeavours to search for every available evidence.
Persée – Études Celtiques, vol. 33, 1997: <link>
abstract:
[FR] Le tatouage chez les Celtes insulaires : histoire, mythes et signification métaphorique.
Les guerriers confrontés aux premiers saints irlandais sont souvent porteurs de tatouages, décrits comme des marques diaboliques par les hagiographes. Le tatouage, lat. stigma, irl. rind, a souvent été associé au nom des Pictes, et parfois considéré comme un usage non indo-européen (Zimmer, N. Chadwick). On doit en fait reconnaître que le tatouage a été largement pratiqué par tous les Celtes insulaires.
Parmi les sources antiques, César dit seulement que les Bretons se peignent la peau avec la guède (uitrum), mais d’autres auteurs (Hérodien, Claudien, Solin) font référence exactement au tatouage avec piqûres. Tous les auteurs classiques reconnaissent les fonctions sociales du tatouage, qu’ils critiquent comme un usage barbare. Isidore admet qu’il pourrait être une marque de noblesse.
La Bible critique les tatouages des étrangers (Lévitique) mais S. Paul (Galates, fin) évoque ses stigmates comme des marques glorieuses, comparables aux tatouages des soldats romains. Ces deux jugements antagonistes se retrouvent dans la littérature irlandaise : les tatouages sont associés au paganisme, au brigandage dans l’hagiographie, mais on peut aussi les considérer comme la marque spécifique du héros : bien que les références au tatouage soient rares dans les sagas, l’étude s’attache principalement à mettre en évidence ces témoignages littéraires en Irlande.

[EN] Irish warriors opposed to the early saints are often wearing tattoos, described as diabolic signs by the hagiographers. Tattoo, Lat. stigma, Ir. rind, or crechad, has frequently been associated with the name of the Picts, and sometimes considered as a non Indo-European usage (Zimmer, N. Chadwick). But it must be admitted that tattooing has been widely practiced by Insular Celts. Among classical sources, Caesar only says that Bretons paint their body with woad (uitrum), but others (Herodian, Claudian, Solinus) refer precisely to tattooing by puncturing. They are all aware of the social meaning of tattoo, which they criticize as Barbarian. Isidore admits that it might be a mark of higher status.
The Bible criticizes foreigners’tattoos (Leviticus) but S. Paul (Galatians, end) refers to his own stigmata as to glorious marks, comparable to the tattoos of Roman soldiers. These two contradictory views on tattoing are present in the early Irish literature : tattoo means paganism, or ruthless violence in the hagiographical literature, mais it might be considered as the distinct mark of heroes : though references to tattooing are rarely found in the early Irish sagas, this study endeavours to search for every available evidence.

Contributions to edited collections or authored works

MacQuarrie, Charles W., “Introduction: Manannán and his neighbors”, in: Joseph Falaky Nagy, and Charles W. MacQuarrie (eds), The medieval cultures of the Irish Sea and the North Sea: Manannán and his neighbors, 7, Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2019. 11–16.
MacQuarrie, Charles W., “Celticity in the works of William Shakespeare: ‘Heavens defend me from that Welsh fairy, lest he transform me to a piece of cheese!’”, in: Anders Ahlqvist, and Pamela OʼNeill (eds), Celts and their cultures at home and abroad: a Festschrift for Malcolm Broun, 15, Sydney: Celtic Studies Foundation, University of Sydney, 2013. 149–167.